# Data Model#

oneDNN Graph uses logical tensor to describe data type, shape, and layout. Besides 32-bit IEEE single-precision floating-point data type, oneDNN Graph can also support other data types. The shape contains multiple dimensions, and the total dimension and the size of the dimension could be set as unknown.

oneDNN Graph uses the following enumeration to refer to data types it supports. Different operation may support inputs and outputs with different data types, so it’s suggested to refer to the definition page of each operation.

enum dnnl::graph::logical_tensor::data_type

undef

Undefined data type (used for empty logical tensor).

f16
bf16
f32
s32

32-bit signed integer.

s8

8-bit signed integer.

u8

8-bit unsigned integer.

oneDNN Graph supports both public layout and opaque layout. When the layout_type of logical tensor is strided, it means that the tensor layout is public which the user can identify each tensor element in the physical memory.

For example, for $$dims[][][] = {x, y, z}$$, $$strides[][][] = {s0, s1, s2}$$, the physical memory location should be in $$s0*x+s1*y+s2*z$$.

When the layout_type of logical tensor is opaque, users are not supposed to interpret the memory buffer directly. An opaque tensor can only be output from oneDNN Graph’s compiled partition and can only be fed to another compile partition as an input tensor.

## Low Precision Support#

oneDNN Graph extension provides the same low precision support as the oneDNN primitives, including u8, s8, bf16 and f16. For int8, oneDNN Graph API supports quantized model with static quantization. For bf16 or f16, oneDNN Graph supports deep learning framework’s auto mixed precision mechanism. In both cases, oneDNN Graph API expects users to convert the computation graph to low precision representation and specify the data’s precision and quantization parameters. oneDNN Graph API implementation should strictly respect the numeric precision of the computation.

For int8, oneDNN Graph API provides two operations dequantize and quantize. Dequantize takes integer tensor with its associated scale and zero point and returns f32 tensor. Quantize takes an f32 tensor, scale, zero point, and returns an integer tensor. The scale and zero point are single dimension tensors, which could contain one value for the per-tensor quantization case or multiple values for the per-channel quantization case. The integer tensor could be represented in both unsigned int8 or signed int8. Zero point could be zero for symmetric quantization scheme, and a non-zero value for asymmetric quantization scheme.

Users should insert Dequantize and Quantize in the graph as part of quantization process before passing to oneDNN Graph. oneDNN Graph honors the data type passed from user and faithfully follows the data type semantics. For example, if the graph has a Quantize followed by Dequantize with exact same scale and zero point, oneDNN Graph implementation should not eliminate them since that implicitly changes the numerical precision.

oneDNN Graph partitioning API may return a partition containing the Dequantize, Quantize, and Convolution operations in between. Users don’t need to recognize the subgraph pattern explicitly and convert to fused op. Depending on oneDNN Graph implementation capability, the partition may include more or fewer operations.

For bf16, oneDNN Graph provides the typecast operation, which can convert an f32 tensor to bf16 or f16, and vice versa. All oneDNN Graph operations support bf16 and f16. It is the user’s responsibility to insert TypeCast to clearly indicate the numerical precision. oneDNN Graph implementation fully honors the user-specified numerical precision. If users first typecast from f32 to bf16 and convert back, oneDNN Graph implementation does the exact data type conversions underneath.